Best attractions and places to see around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros include a diverse range of natural features and cultural sites. This protected area in central Portugal is known for its distinctive limestone landscape, intricate cave systems, and rich heritage. The geology of Serra de Aire e Candeeiros features a unique karst morphology, with formations like poljes and dolines, alongside significant underground waterways. Visitors can explore a variety of natural features and historical landmarks within its approximately 38,000…
Last updated: July 7, 2026
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Hiking around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros
Running Trails around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros
MTB Trails around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros
Cycling around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros
Road Cycling Routes around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros

Gravel biking around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros
I highly recommend Olhos de Água, a river beach 🏖️ with top trails to enjoy pure nature that can be done on foot or by mountain bike, some of which are well signposted with bars next to the beach and there is a campsite for private individuals, it only has bungalows and a hotel, a true paradise 😜🤙🏽🚴🏽💨🚶🏽🏃🏽🏊🏽
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Salt is extracted from compartments – pits – made of cement or stone, of varying sizes and shallow depths, to which salt water is taken from a well through irrigation channels. Currently, the water is raised by means of a motor and distributed according to a system that is jointly accepted and respected (not always) by all the owners. The sewers, threshing floors and wooden houses for storing salt complete the set of what is called the Salt Mines of Rio Maior. According to technicians, a large and deep rock salt mine, crossed by an underground current that feeds a well, makes the water extracted from it salty, seven times saltier than that of the sea. The salt is obtained from its exposure to the sun and wind and the consequent evaporation of the water, deposited at the bottom of the pits, which is then placed in pyramid-shaped piles to dry until it is collected. The process is rudimentary and similar to that used in the salt mines on the seashore. The only difference is the picturesque valley that surrounds them, the well, the unique style of the sailors (as the men who work in the salt mines are known), the wooden houses and the country air that can be breathed.
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The Fórnea Waterfall is located right in the heart of the Serras de Aire e Candeeiros Natural Park, and is fed by the Fórnea Stream, which in turn flows from the Cova da Velha cave.
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Nice quiet route. No water at the waterfall, unfortunately. Because that would give a different experience, certainly worth it for the beautiful views
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On the southwest hillside of Cabeço Gordo, almost coinciding with the administrative boundaries between Porto de Mos municipalities and Alcobaça, the Memory Arc it was built, probably in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century and was restored in 1830, by King Miguel, as shown in one of its inscriptions. The bow, perfectly round, has only two inscriptions, one in Latin almost imperceptible, due to stone erosion, registered in 1758 and composed by Friar Bernardo de Brito, in the beginning of the seventeenth century at the behest of Alcobaça Monastery Abbot. According to tradition, that History denies, the monument was built by the monks of the Cistercian Order, for marking the land donated by the Portuguese first King Afonso Henriques. However, its construction only intended to give material evidences of the vow of D. Afonso Henriques, invented by Alcobaça chroniclers.
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This spot offers a magnificent panorama of the coast and a 360 degree view. On the historical aspect, it was built by the Cistercian monks, it measures 4 meters high and 3.62 meters wide. The arch has no decoration, only two inscriptions: the first, the oldest written in Latin, testifies to its creation. The second inscription refers to the reconstruction of the monument, carried out by D. Michael in 1830.
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Porto de Mós Castle is very original, thanks to its large green and pointed turrets, you can see it from afar! It is an architectural work with unique characteristics which stands on a small hill. Conquered from the Moors in 1148 by the first king of Portugal, Dom Afonso Henriques, the castle of Porto de Mós had an important role in the Christian reconquest and a few years later (1385) in the battle of Aljubarrota, a battle which gave definitive independence in Portugal. In the 15th century, the castle was transformed into a residential palace by D. Afonso. After his death in 1459, the palace was abandoned and partially destroyed by the great earthquake of 1755. From 1936 until 1999, the castle underwent several restorations, which allowed it to regain its former glory. It has been classified as a National Monument since 1910.
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Information and information center for mountain bike trails in the region
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The park is renowned for its distinctive limestone landscape, featuring a unique karst morphology with formations like poljes, karren fields, uvalas, and dolines. You can also explore intricate cave systems and the significant Fórnea Waterfall, which is fed by the Fórnea Stream from the Cova da Velha cave.
You can visit the Dinosaur Footprints Natural Monument, located on the eastern flank of Serra de Aire. This site preserves one of the world's most important collections of sauropod dinosaur footprints from the mid-Jurassic period, some dating back 175 million years.
The park is famous for its extensive cave systems. The most well-known are the Mira de Aire Caves, recognized as one of the 7 Natural Wonders of Portugal. Other significant cave systems include the Santo António Caves, Moeda Caves, and Alvados Caves, each offering unique geological formations.
The region offers several historical sites. Don't miss the Porto de Mós Castle, with its distinctive green and pointed turrets, which played an important role in Portuguese history. Another notable site is the Memory Arch, a historical monument built by Cistercian monks offering panoramic views.
Yes, you can visit the Rio Maior Salt Pans. These unique inland salt pans have been in operation for over eight centuries, showcasing traditional salt extraction methods. They are the only fully operational inland salt pans in Europe.
Absolutely. The park offers numerous trails to explore its natural beauty. There are 16 pedestrian walks proposed by the Park, and you can find easy hiking options like the 'Fórnea Waterfall – Fornea Waterfall loop from Alcaria' or 'Hiking loop from Minde'. For more details, check out the Easy hikes around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros guide.
The region is great for cycling. The Alcanena MTB Center – Alviela Spring offers 5 signposted circuits covering 200 km, with facilities for all skill levels. You can also find various road cycling and touring bicycle routes, such as the 'Charneca Circular Route' or the 'Porto de Mós Greenway'. Explore more options in the Road Cycling Routes and Cycling around National Park Serras Aire e Candeeiros guides.
Yes, many attractions are suitable for families. The Rio Maior Salt Pans, Fórnea Waterfall, and Porto de Mós Castle are all considered family-friendly. The cave systems and the Dinosaur Footprints Natural Monument also offer engaging experiences for all ages. The Alcanena MTB Center has circuits for beginners, making it accessible for families.
The park can be enjoyed year-round, but spring and autumn generally offer the most pleasant weather for outdoor activities like hiking and cycling. The temperatures are milder, and the natural landscape is vibrant. Summer can be hot, especially for extensive outdoor exploration, while winter might bring rain, which enhances waterfalls like Fórnea.
For magnificent panoramic views, visit the Memory Arch, which offers a 360-degree perspective of the coast and surrounding landscape. The park's karst morphology also creates numerous elevated points and escarpments that provide stunning vistas of the dry, rocky surface.
The park is home to diverse flora and fauna. You can find over 600 plant species, including wild orchids and endemic species unique to Portugal. Animal life includes more than 100 bird species, such as the Eurasian Eagle Owl and Red-billed Chough. Bats are particularly symbolic, with 18 different species sheltering in the park's grottoes.
These are traditional dry-stone walls ('Chousos' or 'Cerrados') and small stone houses ('Casinas') built by shepherds. They are a trademark of the park's landscape and reflect the local communities' cultural heritage and traditional land use.


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